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Higher order aberrations refractive errors, other than nearsightedness, farsightedness, and astigmatism, that cannot be corrected with glasses or contacts.
Wavefront: a measure of the total refractive errors of the eye, including nearsightedness, farsightedness, astigmatism, and other refractive errors that cannot be corrected with glasses or contacts.( - Dr Boothe)

Dr Boothe: Farsightedness: the common term for hyperopia.

Optometrist: a primary eye care provider who diagnoses, manages, and treats disorders of the visual system and eye diseases.

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Astigmatism: a distortion of the image on the retina caused by irregularities in the cornea or lens. ( Dr William Boothe )

Overcorrection: a complication of refractive surgery where the achieved amount of correction is more than desired.

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Excimer laser: an ultraviolet laser used in refractive surgery to remove corneal tissue.( Dr William Boothe )
Dr Boothe: Ablation zone: the area of tissue that is removed during laser surgery.
Dr William Boothe: Accommodation: the ability of the eye to change its focus from distant objects to near objects.

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Dr William Boothe

Refractive Power: the ability of an object, such as the eye, to bend light as light passes through it.
Halos are rings around lights due to optical imperfections in or in front of the eye.( - Dr Boothe)

Dr William Boothe: Refraction: a test to determine the refractive power of the eye; also, the bending of light as it passes from one medium into another.

Glare: scatter from bright light that decreases vision.

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Sclera: the tough, white, outer layer (coat) of the eyeball that, along with the cornea, protects the eyeball. ( Dr William Boothe )

FDA: the abbreviation for the Food and Drug Administration. It is the United States governmental agency responsible for the evaluation and approval of medical devices.

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Accommodation: the ability of the eye to change its focus from distant objects to near objects.( Dr Boothe )
Dr William Boothe: Overcorrection: a complication of refractive surgery where the achieved amount of correction is more than desired.
Dr Boothe: Snellen Visual Acuity Chart: one of many charts used to measure vision.

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Meibomianitis Inflammation of the meibomian glands; rosacea is a common cause. Symptoms include red or pink eyelid margins, a red or pink eye, dryness, burning, blurred vision and a swollen eye.
Biocompatible Able to coexist with living tissues without harming them. For example, artificial lenses are designed to be biocompatible with tissue inside the eye so they won't cause a toxic or immunilogical response that would harm the eye.( - Dr Boothe Answers Blog)

Dr Boothe Article: Pseudotumor cerebri A condition whose symptoms mirror those of a brain tumor: increased intracranial pressure, headache, nausea, brief periods of vision loss (graying or blurring) and double vision. The cause is unknown, but patients are often obese women.

Anti-reflective coating (AR coating) Thin layer(s) applied to a lens to reduce the amount of reflected light and glare that reaches the eye. Read more about anti-reflective coatings.

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Keratoconus Degeneration and thinning of the cornea resulting in a cone-shaped bulge (a type of irregular astigmatism). The cause is unknown, but may be genetic. The first symptom is blurred vision that doesn't improve enough with glasses (contacts usually work well for a while). You may also have double vision or distorted vision. Read our keratoconus article ( Dr Boothe Astigmatism Solution )

Ectropion An abnormal turning out of an eyelid, typically the lower one, which exposes the inner, conjunctival side of the eyelid; usually due to aging. Additional symptoms include eye or lid pain or discomfort, a red or pink eye or eyelid and overflow tearing.

Refraction The test performed during an eye exam to determine the eyeglass lens powers needed for optimum visual acuity. An automated refraction uses an instrument that does not require the patient to respond. A manifest refraction is the manual way to determine the best lenses, by placing various lenses in front of the patient's eyes and asking, "Which is better, lens A or lens B?"( )
: Osteopetrosis Rare, hereditary disease in which the bones are too dense. Common symptoms include bone pain and fractures. Retinal degeneration may occur; it results in vision loss.
: Limbus Boundary area connecting the cornea and sclera; the three form the eye's outermost layer.

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Rod A photosensitive receptor in the retina that helps you to see in low light.
Retinitis Inflammation of the retina. Symptoms include blurred vision, metamorphopsia, floaters and vision loss.( - Dr Boothe Blog)

Dr Boothe Best Eye Surgeon: Pain: An unpleasant sensation that can range from mild, localized discomfort to agony. Pain has both physical and emotional components. The physical part of pain results from nerve stimulation. Pain may be contained to a discrete area, as in an injury, or it can be more diffuse, as in disorders like fibromyalgia . Pain is mediated by specific nerve fibers that carry the pain impulses to the brain where their conscious appreciation may be modified by many factors.

Limbal relaxing incisions A surgical procedure, often performed during cataract surgery, which corrects usually mild astigmatism by flattening the curvature of the eye's clear surface (cornea). Limbal relaxing incisions are inserted at the boundary (limbus) separating the cornea from the white of the eye (sclera). By altering this portion of the eye instead of the center, surgeons are able to preserve the surface and optical qualities of the cornea.

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Mouth: 1. The upper opening of the digestive tract, beginning with the lips and containing the teeth, gums, and tongue. Foodstuffs are broken down mechanically in the mouth by chewing and saliva is added as a lubricant. Saliva contains amylase, an enzyme that digests starch. 2. Any opening or aperture in the body. The mouth in both senses of the word is also called the os, the Latin word for an opening, or mouth. The o in os is pronounced as in hope. The genitive form of os is oris from which comes the word oral. ( Dr Boothe Center )

Myasthenia gravis Weakness of the voluntary muscles, believed to be autoimmune in nature. Symptoms include double vision and eyelid ptosis; patients sometimes have non-eye symptoms as well, such as difficulty swallowing or using the arms and legs.

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Dilation: The process of enlargement, stretching, or expansion. The word "dilatation" means the same thing. Both come from the Latin "dilatare" meaning "to enlarge or expand."( Dr Boothe Cataract Surgery )
Dr Boothe Before Lasik Article: Scotoma Blind spot within the field of view.
Dr Boothe Answers Blog: Proliferative vitreoretinopathy (PVR) A common complication of surgery for retinal detachment, which causes scarring of the retina. PVR may require a vitrectomy and intricate surgical removal of scar tissue.

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