Dr. William Boothe talks about Lasik Eye Surgery and eye problems

Dr Boothe
Glare: scatter from bright light that decreases vision.
Haze: corneal clouding that causes the sensation of looking through smoke or fog.( - Dr William Boothe)

Dr Boothe: Optometrist: a primary eye care provider who diagnoses, manages, and treats disorders of the visual system and eye diseases.

Farsightedness: the common term for hyperopia.

Dr William Boothe

Refraction: a test to determine the refractive power of the eye; also, the bending of light as it passes from one medium into another. ( Dr Boothe )

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Keratoconus a disorder characterized by an irregular corneal surface (cone-shaped) resulting in blurred and distorted images.

FDA: the abbreviation for the Food and Drug Administration. It is the United States governmental agency responsible for the evaluation and approval of medical devices.( )
: Radial Keratotomy: commonly referred to as RK; a surgical procedure designed to correct myopia (nearsightedness) by flattening the cornea using radial cuts.
: Dry Eye Syndrome: a common condition that occurs when the eyes do not produce enough tears to keep the eye moist and comfortable. Common symptoms of dry eye include pain, stinging, burning, scratchiness, and intermittent blurring of vision.

Dr. William Boothe - Lasik and Eyecare

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Epithelium: the outermost layer of cells of the cornea and the eye's first defense against infection.
Ophthalmologist: a medical doctor specializing in the diagnosis and medical or surgical treatment of visual disorders and eye disease.( - Dr William Boothe)

Dr William Boothe: Informed Consent Form a document disclosing the risks, benefits, and alternatives to a procedure.

Visual Acuity: the clearness of vision; the ability to distinguish details and shapes.

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Ablate: in surgery, is to remove. ( Dr William Boothe )



Myopia: the inability to see distant objects as clearly as near objects.

Farsightedness: the common term for hyperopia.( )
: Optometrist: a primary eye care provider who diagnoses, manages, and treats disorders of the visual system and eye diseases.
: Excimer laser: an ultraviolet laser used in refractive surgery to remove corneal tissue.

Texas Lasik and Eyecare - Dr. William Boothe

Dr Boothe
Lens: a part of the eye that provides some focusing power. The lens is able to change shape allowing the eye to focus at different distances.
Haze: corneal clouding that causes the sensation of looking through smoke or fog.( - Dr William Boothe)

Dr Boothe: Keratomileusis: carving of the cornea to reshape it.

Ablation zone: the area of tissue that is removed during laser surgery.

Dr William Boothe

Kerato: prefix indicating relationship to the cornea. ( Dr Boothe )

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Undercorrection: a complication of refractive surgery where the achieved amount of correction is less than desired.

Dr Boothe

Diopter: the measurement of refractive error. A negative diopter value signifies an eye with myopia and positive diopter value signifies an eye with hyperopia.( Dr William Boothe )
Dr Boothe: Refraction: a test to determine the refractive power of the eye; also, the bending of light as it passes from one medium into another.
Dr William Boothe: Laser Keratome: a laser device used to create a corneal flap

Dr. William Boothe - Texas Lasik and Eyecare

Dr William Boothe
Accommodation: the ability of the eye to change its focus from distant objects to near objects.
Laser: the acronym for light amplification by stimulated emission of radiation. A laser is an instrument that produces a powerful beam of light that can vaporize tissue.( - Dr Boothe)

Dr Boothe: Ablation zone: the area of tissue that is removed during laser surgery.

Presbyopia: the inability to maintain a clear image (focus) as objects are moved closer. Presbyopia is due to reduced elasticity of the lens with increasing age.

Dr William Boothe

Endothelium: the inner layer of cells on the inside surface of the cornea. ( Dr William Boothe )

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Keratotomy: a surgical incision (cut) of the cornea.

Dr William Boothe

Laser Keratome: a laser device used to create a corneal flap( Dr Boothe )
Dr William Boothe: Farsightedness: the common term for hyperopia.
Dr Boothe: Haze: corneal clouding that causes the sensation of looking through smoke or fog.

Dr. William Boothe - Texas Lasik and Eyecare

Dr William Boothe
Ablate: in surgery, is to remove.
Monovision: the purposeful adjustment of one eye for near vision and the other eye fordistance vision.( - Dr Boothe)

Dr William Boothe: Pupil: a hole in the center of the iris that changes size in response to changes in lighting. It gets larger in dim lighting conditions and gets smaller in brighter lighting conditions.

Optician: an expert in the art and science of making and fitting glasses and may also dispense contact lenses.

Dr Boothe

Keratotomy: a surgical incision (cut) of the cornea. ( Dr Boothe )

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Laser Keratome: a laser device used to create a corneal flap

Dr Boothe

Refractive Power: the ability of an object, such as the eye, to bend light as light passes through it.( Dr William Boothe )
Dr Boothe: Snellen Visual Acuity Chart: one of many charts used to measure vision.
Dr William Boothe: Radial Keratotomy: commonly referred to as RK; a surgical procedure designed to correct myopia (nearsightedness) by flattening the cornea using radial cuts.

Dr William Boothe

Dr William Boothe

Ablate: in surgery, is to remove.
Refractive Errors: imperfections in the focusing power of the eye, for example, hyperopia, myopia, and astigmatism.( - Dr Boothe)

Dr William Boothe: Informed Consent Form a document disclosing the risks, benefits, and alternatives to a procedure.

Epithelium: the outermost layer of cells of the cornea and the eye's first defense against infection.

Dr Boothe

Keratitis: inflammation of the cornea. ( Dr William Boothe )

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Wavefront: a measure of the total refractive errors of the eye, including nearsightedness, farsightedness, astigmatism, and other refractive errors that cannot be corrected with glasses or contacts.

Dr William Boothe

Nearsightedness: the common term for myopia.( Dr Boothe )
Dr Boothe: Kerato: prefix indicating relationship to the cornea.
Dr William Boothe: Laser Keratome: a laser device used to create a corneal flap

Dr Boothe eyecare and laser surgery article

Dr Boothe

Lens: a part of the eye that provides some focusing power. The lens is able to change shape allowing the eye to focus at different distances.
Haze: corneal clouding that causes the sensation of looking through smoke or fog.( - Dr William Boothe)

Dr Boothe: Keratomileusis: carving of the cornea to reshape it.

Ablation zone: the area of tissue that is removed during laser surgery.

Dr William Boothe

Kerato: prefix indicating relationship to the cornea. ( Dr William Boothe )

Undercorrection: a complication of refractive surgery where the achieved amount of correction is less than desired.

Dr William Boothe

Diopter: the measurement of refractive error. A negative diopter value signifies an eye with myopia and positive diopter value signifies an eye with hyperopia.( Dr Boothe )
Dr Boothe: Refraction: a test to determine the refractive power of the eye; also, the bending of light as it passes from one medium into another.
Dr William Boothe: Laser Keratome: a laser device used to create a corneal flap

Doctor William Boothe Blog

Dr Boothe Lasik
Rheopheresis The RHEO Procedure ("rheopheresis") is a method of blood filtration (apheresis) for treatment of dry age-related macular degeneration that removes large proteins and fatty components from the blood to improve circulation to macular cells at the back of the eye. For more information, please see our article on age-related macular degeneration.
Parinaud dorsal midbrain syndrome Inability to look up, typically associated with a brain lesion, characterized by nystagmus and pupil unresponsiveness to light. Causes include hydrocephalus ("water on the brain") and tumors of the pineal gland.( - Dr Boothe Texas)

Dr William Boothe Texas: Trauma: Any injury , whether physically or emotionally inflicted. "Trauma" has both a medical and a psychiatric definition. Medically, "trauma" refers to a serious or critical bodily injury, wound, or shock . This definition is often associated with trauma medicine practiced in emergency rooms and represents a popular view of the term. In psychiatry , "trauma" has assumed a different meaning and refers to an experience that is emotionally painful, distressful, or shocking, which often results in lasting mental and physical effects.

Ocular herpes Recurrent viral infection that can cause inflammation and scarring of the cornea. It is not sexually transmitted. There are various types of ocular herpes, ranging from herpes keratitis to more serious forms that can lead to blindness. See our eye herpes article for more details.

Dr William Boothe Eye Surgery

Ophthalmic: Pertaining to the eye. An ophthalmic ointment is designed for the eye. ( Dr Boothe Dallas )

* Asymmetry: one half does not match the other.
* Border: irregular or scalloped.
* Color: varies in shade or color.
* Diameter: larger than that of a pencil eraser.

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Cranial nerve One of the 12 pairs of nerves that go from the brain to other parts of the head. Those that affect the eyes and vision are the second cranial nerve (optic nerve), third (oculomotor), fourth (troclear), sixth (abducens) and seventh (facial). The optic nerve carries stimuli from the rods and cones to the brain. The third, fourth and sixth cranial nerves work with the eye muscles to control eye movement. The seventh cranial nerve works with the facial muscles to control facial movement (specifically the closure of the eyelids).( Dr Boothe Cataract Surgery )
Dr Boothe Center: Rod A photosensitive receptor in the retina that helps you to see in low light.
Dr Boothe Blog: Nystagmus Rapid and involuntary eye movement that is oscillating and non-chaotic. Blurred vision may result. Nystagmus typically affects infants and has a variety of causes.

Related links:
Dr Boothe Briliant Doctor | Dr Boothe Before Lasik Article | Dr Boothe Best Surgeon | Dr Boothe Best Eye Surgeon

Dr. William Boothe

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Gland: 1. A group of cells that secrete a substance for use in the body. For example, the thyroid gland. 2. A group of cells that removes materials from the circulation. For example, a lymph gland.
Bacteria: Single-celled microorganisms which can exist either as independent (free-living) organisms or as parasites (dependent upon another organism for life).( - boothe eye care laser surgery)

dr william boothe laser center: Rosacea Skin condition typically involving the face that is characterized by flushing, red bumps and telangiectasia (dilated, visible capillaries); it is most common among fair-skinned women, who develop it in their 30s through 50s.

Toxocariasis Infection caused by Toxocara worms, which are typically found in cat and dog intestines. The form found in the eyes, ocular larva migrans, can cause vision loss.

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Skin: The skin is the body's outer covering. It protects us against heat and light, injury, and infection. It regulates body temperature and stores water, fat, and vitamin D. Weighing about 6 pounds, the skin is the body's largest organ. It is made up of two main layers; the outer epidermis and the inner dermis. ( dr boothe laser center )

Retina The sensory membrane that lines the back of the eye. Cells in the retina called photoreceptors transform light energy into electrical signals that are transmitted to the brain by way of the optic nerve.

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Spots Small, cloudy specks in the eye that become noticeable when they fall in the line of sight. Read our spots and floaters article.( Dr. Boothe TX )
Boothe Eye Care & Laser Surgery: Phytochemicals Chemicals found in plants that help protect against disease.
Dr. Boothe Laser Center: Excimer laser An instrument that uses shorter wave (ultraviolet) light to vaporize and remove tissue from the eye's surface during vision correction procedures.

Texas - Dr Boothe Article

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Trachoma Chronic infection of the eyelid and cornea caused by a micro-organism that is spread by contact with eye discharge from an infected sufferer. Flies can also transmit the bacteria. Over time, the eyelid becomes scarred and turns inward. The eyelashes begin to scrape the eyeball and cornea, which eventually causes visual impairment and blindness. Worldwide, 84 million people are affected by trachoma. Clean water and good hygiene can prevent trachoma, while antibiotics can treat it early on. Inward-turning eyelids can be corrected with simple surgery performed by a nurse. (Information supplied by ORBIS International.)
Lacrimal: Pertaining to tears, as in lacrimal gland (tear gland). From the Indo-European dakru meaning a tear (from a weeping eye) which gave rise to the Greek dakry and the Latin lacrima.( - Dr Boothe Eye Surgery)

Dr Boothe Eye Care: Macula Part of the eye near the middle of the retina; the macula allows us to see objects with great detail.

Vitamin A: Vitamin A is retinol. Carotene compounds (found, for example, in egg yolk, butter and cream) are gradually converted by the body to vitamin A (retinol). A form of vitamin A called retinal is responsible for transmitting light sensation in the retina of the eye

Dr William Boothe Lasik

Corneal opacity A cloudy spot in the cornea, which is normally transparent. Causes include corneal scar tissue and infection. Symptoms include halos around lights, photophobia, vision loss and a white or cloudy spot on the eye. ( Dr Boothe Lasik )

Metamorphopsia Vision problem in which objects appear distorted. For example, straight lines may appear to be wavy, curved or bent, objects may appear to be larger or smaller than they actually are, or closer or farther away than they actually are. Metamorphopsia is typically caused by conditions or diseases that affect the eye's macula and retina.

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Eyelid: The lid or cover of the eye, a movable fold of skin and muscle that can be closed over the eyeball or opened at will. Each eye has an upper and a lower lid. An eyelid is also called a palpebra.( Boothe Eye Care & Laser Surgery )
Dr. William Boothe Texas: Diplopia Also called double vision. When two images of the same object are perceived by one or both eyes. Read our article on double vision and also review eye symptoms for a list of conditions that can cause double vision.
Dr. Boothe Eye Care: Keratoplasty Any of several types of corneal surgery, such as shrinking the collagen to reduce farsightedness or transplanting a new cornea to treat keratoconus.

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Scaling: Abnormal shedding or accumulation of an upper layer of skin (the stratum corneum ).
Central island Refractive surgery complication in which the laser leaves an "island" of corneal tissue in the concave ablation zone. Symptoms include double vision and distortion. Read more about potential complications of LASIK and other kinds of refractive surgery.( - dr william boothe dallas)

dr william boothe dallas: Myelin A sheath made of proteins that covers nerve fibers. Myelin is essential to transmission of nerve impulses carrying information to and from various parts of the body. When myelin is destroyed or damaged in the optic nerve, the result is optic neuritis, with vision loss or distortions.

Pain: An unpleasant sensation that can range from mild, localized discomfort to agony. Pain has both physical and emotional components. The physical part of pain results from nerve stimulation. Pain may be contained to a discrete area, as in an injury, or it can be more diffuse, as in disorders like fibromyalgia . Pain is mediated by specific nerve fibers that carry the pain impulses to the brain where their conscious appreciation may be modified by many factors.

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Higher-order aberration Irregularity of the eye other than a refractive error (myopia, hyperopia or astigmatism). Higher-order aberrations sometimes affect your vision (such as decreasing contrast sensitivity), and sometimes do not. For more information, please see our higher-order aberration article. ( dr boothe tx )

Fixation In terms of vision, the eye's ability to maintain gaze upon an object.

Dr. William Boothe Eye Surgery

Wear schedule How long you wear your contact lenses: either daily wear (you remove the lenses each night) or extended wear (you may sleep with them in). It's important to differentiate between wear schedule and replacement schedule — that is, how often you discard and replace your lenses.( Dr. Boothe Dallas )
Dr. William Boothe Lasik: Rod A photosensitive receptor in the retina that helps you to see in low light.
Dr. Boothe Eye Surgery: Keratitis Inflammation of the cornea, caused by an infection or inflammatory process. Symptoms include eye pain or discomfort, light sensitivity, foreign body sensation, grittiness and tearing.

Dr William Boothe Dallas

Dr. Boothe Eye Care
Bifocal Lens with one segment for near vision and one segment for far vision. The term can apply to both eyeglass lenses and contact lenses.
Color blindness Partial or total inability to distinguish specific colors. Color blindness is inherited, and is much more common in men than in women.( - Dr. Boothe)

Boothe Eye Care & Laser Surgery: Descemet's membrane Corneal layer between the stroma and the endothelium.

Placebo A "false" but harmless treatment that has no proven medical value. Placebos usually are incorporated into clinical trials to measure how patients respond to an authentic therapy that is being tested. Some patients are given placebos, and others are given the actual therapy, to provide objective comparisons and assessments.

Dr. Boothe Eye Surgery

Melanosis Condition characterized by melanin (pigment) deposits in the skin or eyes. ( Dr. William Boothe Eye Surgery )

Botulism Serious illness from a toxin produced by Clostridium bacteria (usually Clostridium botulinum). Infant botulism and food-borne botulism are the most common forms in the United States. Symptoms include double vision, blurred vision, ptosis, muscle weakness, difficulty speaking, difficulty swallowing, difficulty breathing and nausea.

Dr. William Boothe Laser Center

Atropine: A drug obtained from belladonna that is administered via injection, eye drops, or in oral form to relax muscles by inhibiting nerve responses. Used to dilate the pupils and as an antispasmodic .( Dr. William Boothe TX )
Dr. Boothe TX: ANSI The American National Standards Institute is a private, non-profit organization that coordinates efforts to develop standards for manufacturing many different products, including eyeglass lenses. For example, certain ANSI standards define acceptable levels of impact resistance for safety eyewear.
Dr. Boothe: Optic nerve head Also called optic disk. Circular area where the optic nerve enters the retina, and the location of the eye's blind spot.

Dr William Boothe Dallas - Eye Care Article

Dr. Boothe Texas

Phoropter Device that provides various combinations of lenses used for tests of vision errors in eye examinations.
OD Abbreviation for "oculus dexter," the Latin term for "right eye." Or, doctor of optometry.( - Dr. Boothe Eye Care)

Dr. William Boothe TX: Bulbar conjunctiva: That part of the conjunctiva, a clear membrane of the eye, which covers the outer surface of the eye.

Astigmatism Condition in which the cornea's curvature is asymmetrical (the eye is shaped like a football or egg instead of a baseball); light rays are focused at two points on the retina rather than one, resulting in blurred vision. Additional symptoms include distorted vision, eyestrain, shadows on letters, squinting and double vision. Read more about astigmatism.

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Pterygium Triangular fold of tissue on the white of the eye that can eventually grow over part of the cornea; the cause may be irritation from sun (i.e., UV rays), dust and wind. Some people have no symptoms, while others may have redness or blurred vision. Pterygia that are chronically inflamed can become itchy. Read more about pterygium and pinguecula. ( Dr. William Boothe Laser Center )

Retinitis Inflammation of the retina. Symptoms include blurred vision, metamorphopsia, floaters and vision loss.

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Dry eye: A deficiency of tears. The main symptom is usually a scratchy or sandy feeling as if something is in the eye. Other symptoms may include stinging or burning of the eye; episodes of excess tearing that follow periods of very dry sensation; a stringy discharge from the eye; and pain and redness of the eye. Sometimes people with dry eye experience heaviness of the eyelids or blurred, changing, or decreased vision, although loss of vision is uncommon.( Dr. William Boothe Eye Care )
Dr. William Boothe Lasik: Aura A sensation experienced before an attack of epileptic seizure, migraine or other disorder. Examples are flashes of light, colored lights, numbness, coldness and even hearing voices.
Boothe Eye Care & Laser Surgery: Porphyria Disorder in which the body produces too much of a compound called porphyrin and releases it in the urine, causing a reddish color. Other symptoms include light sensitivity, skin that swells or is sensitive to sunlight, abdominal pain, blisters and muscle weakness.

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Daily wear These soft contact lenses are worn every day for six months up to a couple of years. They require daily cleaning and disinfecting, as well as a periodic enzymatic soak (usually once a week).

Lateral rectus muscle Muscle that moves the eye away from the nose.(22 July 2007 - Online press article Dr. William Boothe Lasik )

Coloboma Cleft, usually due to incomplete embryologic development in utero. An iris coloboma is the most common eye coloboma; the pupil will often look like a keyhole or upside-down pear. Colobomas can also affect other eye structures, such as the eyelid, retina and optic nerve; only iris and eyelid colobomas are visible with the naked eye. Additional symptoms such as poor vision may occur, but are not readily apparent from a parent's perspective.

Sodium: The major positive ion (cation) in fluid outside of cells. The chemical notation for sodium is Na+. When combined with chloride, the resulting substance is table salt.

Vascular problem Problems with your body's vascular system (i.e., blood vessels, arteries and so on) can include hardening of the arteries, high blood pressure, a clot, an aneurysm, an embolus, etc. These problems can sometimes affect the eyes, resulting in such symptoms as blurred vision, a bulging eye, double vision, eye pain or discomfort, a red or pink eye, eyelid swelling and vision loss.

Vergence disorder Vergence refers to the eyes' ability to turn either inward (convergence) or outward (divergence); convergence insufficiency is the most common vergence disorder. The disorders' exact causes are unknown. Symptoms include double vision, eyestrain, fatigue, headache, squinting and difficulty concentrating (particularly while reading).Dr. Boothe Laser Center

High-index Type of lens with a higher index of refraction, meaning that light travels faster through the lens to reach the eye than with traditional glass or plastic. It is denser, so the same amount of visual correction occurs with less material (whether glass or plastic) — so the lens can be thinner.

Decentered ablation Also called decentration. Refractive surgery complication in which the laser is not centered on the pupil when it removes tissue. Symptoms include glare, double vision and halos. (24 July 2010 Boothe Eye Care )

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Intraocular pressure (IOP) Eye pressure, as determined by the amount of aqueous humor filling it. High IOP (ocular hypertension) can be a sign of glaucoma.

Chemosis Conjunctival swelling that is often caused by an allergy.( 27 May 2007 Online press Dr. William Boothe )

Dr. William Boothe Eye Care Blog

Extended wear Currently, these contact lenses are FDA-approved to be worn without removal for up to seven days (or 30 days in the case of one brand), meaning some people will be comfortable sleeping with them in their eyes. Thirty-day contact lenses are sometimes referred to as "continuous wear."

Nose pad One of a pair of pads, usually clear, that rest on either side of your nose and help to support your glasses.(27 May 2008 - Online article Dr. Boothe )

Meridian One of a number of radially arranged imaginary lines, each of which passes through the center of the pupil when viewing the eye head-on. Generally separated in one-degree increments, meridians are used to determine the location of the most- and least-curved sections of the cornea when prescribing lenses with cylinder power to correct astigmatism. Meridians are also used to describe the shape of corrective lenses.

Keratectomy Surgical removal of part of the cornea.

Monofocal Type of spectacle lens, intraocular lens (IOL) or contact lens design that has only one area through which the eye focuses. A multifocal lens has more than one focal area, enabling sight at multiple distances, typically for people with presbyopia.

Monovision Vision correction method for those with presbyopia in which one eye is corrected for near vision and the other for far, either through contact lenses or refractive surgery. Monovision eliminates the need for reading glasses, but does have some drawbacks, including decreased depth perception. Read our article about monovision with contact lenses.Dr. William Boothe Lasik

Vitreous detachment Separation of the vitreous from the retina, caused by age-related vitreous shrinkage. Floaters are the typical symptom, but some people experience flashes of light as the vitreous tugs or causes traction on the retina prior to complete separation. Read our spots and floaters article.

Monochromatic Refers to one wavelength of light, as opposed to the many wavelengths of light found in varying colors. (05 March 2008 Dr. William Boothe )

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Enzymatic cleaner A cleaner that removes protein deposits and other debris from contact lenses. It's recommended for use either daily, weekly, or monthly. Some enzymatic cleaners are a small tablet dropped into a solution along with the lens; others come in liquid form.

Neuroretinitis Inflammation of the optic nerve and retina, commonly caused by an infection. Symptoms include blurred vision, headache, floaters, eye pain or discomfort, vision loss and loss of color vision.( 18 June 2010 Online blog Boothe Eye Center )


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Optic The rounded, central portion of an intraocular lens (IOL) used in cataract surgery. Optic also more generally refers to eyes or vision.

20/20 vision Many eye care practitioners consider this the average visual acuity for human beings, but humans can see as well as 20/15 or even 20/10. People with 20/40 vision can see clearly at 20 feet what people with 20/20 vision can see clearly at 40 feet. In most of the United States, 20/40 is the lowest uncorrected acuity required for a driver's license.(18 December 2009 - Online press article Boothe Eye Center )

Central island Refractive surgery complication in which the laser leaves an "island" of corneal tissue in the concave ablation zone. Symptoms include double vision and distortion. Read more about potential complications of LASIK and other kinds of refractive surgery.

Low vision Also called partial sight. Sight that cannot be satisfactorily corrected with glasses, contacts, or surgery. Low vision usually results from an eye disease such as glaucoma or macular degeneration.

Keratitis: Inflammation of the cornea (the transparent structure in the front of the eye).

Pubis: The front center portion of the pelvis.Dr. William Boothe

Heterochromia Condition where one eye is a different color from the other, or one eye is more than one color.

Scrubs: A protective garment designed to be worn by the doctor, nurse, and others in the operating room. The garment was originally a gown. Scrubs now include the shirt and pants worn by those who scrub in for surgery. (16 October 2007 Dr. William Boothe Dallas )

Boothe Eye Care article

Emmetropia The condition of an eye with normal vision, meaning that light rays correctly are focused at the inner back of the eye (retina) where images are processed.

Choroid Layers of blood vessels located between the sclera (white of the eye) and the retina; they provide nourishment to the back area of the eye.( 07 January 2008 Online blog Dr. William Boothe Lasik )


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Keratoconjunctivitis Inflammation of the cornea and conjunctiva.

Hemifacial spasm Involuntary muscles twitches on one side of the face, typically caused by compression of the seventh (facial) cranial nerve by a neighboring blood vessel somewhere in the brain.(26 March 2007 - Online press Dr. William Boothe Lasik )

Cystoid macular edema (CME) Swelling of the eye's macula, caused by an excessive amount of fluid.

Monofocal Type of spectacle lens, intraocular lens (IOL) or contact lens design that has only one area through which the eye focuses. A multifocal lens has more than one focal area, enabling sight at multiple distances, typically for people with presbyopia.

Bioptic telescopic lenses (BTL) Devices attached to glasses that provide extreme magnification, typically used for driving. For people with low vision who are qualified, telescopic lenses are attached above the driver's line of sight to help magnify objects such as road signs.

Presbyope Person who has difficulty reading print and seeing near objects.Boothe Eye Care

Druse Small yellow or white deposit in the eye. Drusen are sometimes signs of macular degeneration.

Myopia Also called nearsightedness. Condition in which the length of the eye is too long, causing light rays to focus in front of the retina rather than on it, resulting in blurred distance vision. Additional symptoms include eyestrain, poor night vision and squinting. (25 September 2007 Boothe Laser Center )

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Patau syndrome Also called Trisomy-13. Condition caused by an extra, third copy of chromosome 13. Symptoms include severe mental retardation, a small head, microphthalmia, a cleft lip or palate, heart defects and extra fingers or toes; many patients also have an iris coloboma and retinal dysplasia (abnormal development). The majority of infants with Patau syndrome die within the first year.

CK (Conductive Keratoplasty) Procedure in which a surgeon uses radio waves to heat collagen in the cornea's periphery to shrink it and reduce hyperopia (farsightedness). CK is also used to treat presbyopia. Read more about CK.( 19 February 2010 Online press article Boothe Eye Care )


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Canaliculus Tiny, tube-shaped passageway in the body. In the eye, canaliculi are tiny channels at the beginning of tear ducts through which tears drain until they exit into the nose.

Fluorescein angiography An imaging test that involves first injecting fluorescent yellow-green dye into the veins. When the dye reaches interior regions of the eye, it provides opportunity for high contrast photography or other imaging of blood vessels. Fluorescein angiography particularly is useful in diagnosing conditions such as age-related macular degeneration, which in advanced forms can be characterized by abnormal growth of blood vessels in the retina.(07 October 2008 - Online press Boothe Eye Center )

RGP (Rigid Gas Permeable) Type of contact lens made of breathable plastic that is custom-fit to the shape of the cornea. RGPs are the successor to old-fashioned hard lenses, which are now virtually obsolete.

Solution Product used to clean, disinfect and store contact lenses.

Keratotomy Incision of the cornea.

Binocular vision Ability of both eyes to work together to achieve proper focus, depth perception and range of vision.Boothe Eye Care

Pupil: The opening of the iris. The pupil may appear to open (dilate) and close (constrict) but it is really the iris that is the prime mover; the pupil is merely the absence of iris. The pupil determines how much light is let into the eye. Both pupils are usually of equal size. If they are not, that is termed anisocoria (from "a-", not + "iso", equal + "kore", pupil = not equal pupils).

Albinism Condition where a person or animal lacks pigment. Albinos' eyes often have very light blue or pink irises and a pink pupil (due to lack of pigment inside the back of the eye). Visual symptoms include light sensitivity, nystagmus, blurred vision, vision loss and strabismus. (17 October 2009 Dr. Boothe Laser Center )

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Chalazion A small bump on the eyelid caused by an obstructed meibomian gland. Additional symptoms include light sensitivity, tearing and eyelid swelling. Chalazia are usually not painful unless they become infected. Read more about chalazia.

Stroma The cornea's middle layer; it consists of lamellae (collagen) and cells, and makes up most of the cornea.( 28 September 2009 Blog article Dr. Boothe )

Dr. William Boothe Optometrist

Optometrist: A health care professional who is licensed to provide primary eye care services:
* to examine and diagnose eye diseases such as glaucoma , cataracts , and retinal diseases and, in certain states in the U.S., to treat them;
* to diagnose related systemic (bodywide) conditions such as hypertension and diabetes that may affect the eyes;
* to examine, diagnose and treat visual conditions such as nearsightedness , farsightedness , astigmatism and presbyopia ; and
* to prescribe glasses, contact lenses, low vision rehabilitation and medications as well as perform minor surgical procedures such as the removal of foreign bodies.
* Find a local Doctor in your town

Decongestant: A drug that shrinks the swollen membranes in the nose and makes it easier to breath. Decongestants can be taken orally or by nasal spray. Decongestant nasal sprays should not be used for more than five days without the doctor's advice, and if so, usually only when accompanied by a nasal steroid. Many decongestant nasal sprays often cause a rebound effect if taken too long. A rebound effect is the worsening of symptoms when a drug is discontinued. This is a result of a tissue dependence on the medication. Decongestants should not be used by patients with high blood pressure (hypertension) unless under doctor's supervision.

Radiation: 1. Rays of energy. Gamma rays and X-rays are two of the types of energy waves often used in medicine. 2. The use of energy waves to diagnose or treat disease. See also: Irradiation.

Dr. William Boothe Eye Care Article

Phacoemulsification Also called "phako," this in-office cataract surgery procedure involves using a device with a vibrating, ultrasonic tip to break up the cataract, then suctioning the pieces out with a tiny needle. Read our article about cataract surgery.

Jaundice Yellow coloring in the skin and eyes caused by high levels of a pigment called bilirubin. Jaundice is associated with a variety of conditions involving the liver, gallbladder and bile ducts, including hepatitis and cirrhosis.(27 June 2009 - Blog article Boothe Eye Center )